I'd look at the local aquarium store for a fast growing plant (we used one when I was in school that we called elodea, but I've seen it in stores by another name). I'm a little concerned about the design of this experiment--I hope there is an instruction to open the jar if the fish appears not to be healthy and thriving, so that it doesn't suffer and asphyxiate if the balance isn't right. Allowing it to die shouldn't be one of the possible outcomes.

Also, plants need a good amount of light of the correct wavelengths to produce oxygen, and remember that at night, plants take in oxygen for respiration when they can't photosynthesize.